Changing definitions of news in a digital environment: How the public defines news across six countries

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In recent years, the ways in which people encounter and consume news have become increasingly diverse (Newman et al. 2025; Schneiders 2024). Sources once synonymous with news, like print and TV, are losing engagement and their dominance over the public agenda, as audiences, especially younger ones, are turning more and more to digital platforms to stay informed (Egan et al. 2026). Social and video networks such as Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and TikTok now make up a significant share of global news consumption, while newer formats such as vertical video and podcasts are gaining ground. ...

This report brings audience understandings of “news-ness” (Edgerly and Vraga 2020) to the forefront. We explore how people define news using a comparative, multi-method approach: first with media diaries and in-depth interviews, and second with complementary nationally representative online surveys. On top of the foundational belief that news should be based on accurate and verified information, our analysis has identified five observable attributes in people’s definitions of news, and how they can be shaped by the relevance, time and place of events.

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